userdoc:new-install [AstLinux Documentation]

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====== New Installation ======

Starting with !!AstLinux 1.2.5!! installation images are now contained within an ISO Installer Image (astlinux-xxx-board.iso) for each board type. \\ 
Since !!AstLinux 1.3.10!! only 64-bit installations are supported.\\ 
The ISO image can be used in several ways:
  * Write the ISO Installer image to a USB flash drive (''dd'' image mode), then boot using the USB drive and install to an internal disk.
  * Boot the ISO Installer image (ISO CDROM) within a Virtual Machine and install to a virtual disk.
  * Mount the ISO Installer image and manually extract the desired .img.gz file from the "os" directory, ''gunzip'' and ''dd'' to a destination disk.
  * (UEFI only) Mount the ISO Installer image and manually, recursively copy all files to a FAT32/Master-Boot-Record USB drive.

**Typical New Installation:**

  - Download the appropriate astlinux-xxx-board.iso image from the [[http://www.astlinux-project.org|AstLinux website]]. ((Various ISO images are available, built for specific [[devdoc:boardtypes|hardware]].)) \\ Links to ISO installers for older hardware can be found [[userdoc:legacy-installer-iso|here]].
  - Transfer the ISO image to a USB flash drive:
    * On Linux or *BSD use ''dd'' to transfer the image, where sdX is your USB flash drive\\ ''$ dd if=astlinux-xxx-board.iso of=/dev/sdX''
    * On Windows boxes, use [[https://rufus.akeo.ie/?locale=en_US|Rufus]] (Write in "DD Image" mode). {{:userdoc:rufus-img-gz.png?linkonly|Rufus}} can also write ''*.img.gz'' images. \\ !!Note:!! Rufus **3.17.1846** has a [[https://github.com/pbatard/rufus/issues/1877|security issue]], should be fixed in [[https://rufus.akeo.ie/?locale=en_US|3.18]].
    * On macOS boxes, use [[https://abelbeck.com/lonnie/astlinux/info/os-x-cf-write.php|os-x-cf-write]].
    * On Chrome OS boxes, use [[https://abelbeck.com/lonnie/astlinux/info/chromeos-ssd-write.php|chromeos-ssd-write]].
    * (UEFI only) Copy the ISO Installer image contents to a FAT32/Master-Boot-Record USB drive, macOS example:\\ ''$ cp -a /Volumes/ASTLINUX_ISO/* /Volumes/ASTLINUXFAT/''
  - Boot using the USB flash drive, follow the menu to install to an internal disk.
    * !!Note ->!! Serial console ISO images (-serial.iso) use serial settings of ''19200n8''.
  - Shutdown, remove the USB flash drive and boot your new AstLinux system.
  - Continue with the setup instructions below...
    * !!Required ->!! [[new-install#persistent_storage_options_gui|Persistent Storage Options (GUI)]] **or** [[new-install#persistent_storage_options_cli|Persistent Storage Options (CLI)]]
    * !!Required ->!! [[new-install#security_and_sound_files|Security and Sound Files]]
    * !!Optional ->!! [[new-install#optional_hardware_tweaks|Optional Hardware Tweaks]]
===== Persistent Storage Options (GUI) =====

AstLinux requires persistent storage, that file storage is of two classifications:

  * System overlay data (Unionfs), such as passwords, startup modules and other changes to the root system.
  * Configuration data (/mnt/kd/), such as the Asterisk configuration files, system settings and voicemail messages.

/*Using a single partition combining Unionfs data and /mnt/kd/ data is the default for new installations. Optionally, you may specify in the installation setup to create separate Unionfs and /mnt/kd/ partitions, resulting in two partitions for persistent storage.*/

Using a computer on the same network, open your favorite web browser and type the following...

  https://pbx.local/admin/setup.php

!!Tip ->!! Replace "''pbx.local''" with the IP address of your box if zero-configuration Bonjour is not supported in your browser.

!!Tip ->!! Be sure that you use **https** (//http will NOT work//).

You will be prompted to login.  The default user is **admin** with a password of **astlinux**

{{userdoc:admin-setup-login.jpg?nolink|Login}}

Now you will see the following screen:

{{userdoc:astlinux-setup-screen1b.jpg?nolink|Setup1}}

Here you can choose how you want to format your persistent storage. The drop-down box shows the proposed installation device.  Read the instructions carefully and follow what it says.

Then click **Continue**, the screen below will be displayed.

{{userdoc:astlinux-setup-screen2.jpg?nolink|Setup2}}  

The "System is Rebooting..." will disappear when the reboot is complete, then click **Finish**, after a short delay the system will reboot once again.

!!Note ->!! Since reboot times can vary, your browser may fail to automatically reload, don't worry, wait a minute and manually reload your browser to continue.

Normally you will not see the screen below, your browser should be redirected to the Status page, but if you reload the browser to ''/admin/setup.php'' after a successful installation, you will see the screen below.  If so, click **Continue**, to view the Status page.

{{userdoc:astlinux-setup-screen-final.jpg?nolink|Setup Final}}  

You can confirm that the setup was successful by accessing the default status page:

  https://pbx.local

!!Tip ->!! Replace "''pbx.local''" with the IP address of your box if zero-configuration Bonjour is not supported in your browser.

You will get the following screen. //(This is only part of the full screen.)//

{{userdoc:astlinux-status3.jpg?nolink|Status}}

  * The **/dev/sda1** partition is your original FAT16 data created by installing the astlinux-XXX.img via the ISO.
  * The **/dev/sda2** partition is the Unionfs partition, a R/W overlay for ''/etc'' and ''/stat''.
  * The **/dev/sda3** partition is for ''/mnt/kd/'', essentially all your configuration data.

Skip to **[[new-install#security_and_sound_files|Security and Sound Files]]** when completed.

===== Persistent Storage Options (CLI) =====

The same procedure as above can also be done on the command line, e.g. when your NIC isn't working right from the start (**/dev/sda** is an example, it can be different on your box):

  $ initial-setup status
  ok-format /dev/sda
  
  $ initial-setup format separate /dev/sda 256
  
  $ reboot
  
  $ initial-setup configure /dev/sda
  
  $ reboot

===== Security and Sound Files =====

Using the web interface, click on the System Tab
{{:userdoc:up10-system-tab.png?nolink|}}\\
and change the "admin" password.

{{:userdoc:system-tab-password-screen.jpg?nolink|Change Password}}

after which you will be asked to login with your new password.

Continue in the System tab to the Asterisk Sounds Packages section.

{{:userdoc:system-tab-sounds-screen.jpg?nolink|Asterisk Sounds}}

Select the package values (ex. core-english-ulaw), then select the action (ex. Upgrade/Install), then click on the **Sounds Package** button to perform the action.  Usually a 'core' and 'moh' sound package using your native codec is all that is necessary, or at least a good start.

!!Tip ->!! The default "Sounds Pkg URL" currently supports English, Spanish and French. But you can set a different "Sounds Pkg URL" in the Prefs Tab at "System & Staff Tab Options" to install other (or your own) sounds.

===== Optional Hardware Tweaks =====

While the AstLinux project is not in the business of recommending x86 hardware, we do occasionally privately purchase or have hardware donated to test with the AstLinux platform.

When focusing on a specific x86 board or appliance, often useful configurations and tweaks can be performed to optimize the hardware for use with AstLinux.  The link below will take you to a list of tested hardware with configuration recommendations and photos.

Specific Tested Hardware: **[[documentation#generic_64-bit_x86_64_boards_and_appliances|Generic 64-bit, x86_64 Boards and Appliances]]**

!!Tip ->!! Even if your exact hardware is not in the list, if you find a listing with a matching processor and chipset it may still be useful.